状语从句的用法

1. 掌握基本概念

状语从句即指在主从复合句中用作状语的从句。状语从句根据其用途可分为时间状语从句、地点状语从句、原因状语从句、结果状语从句、目的状语从句、条件状语从句、方式状语从句等：

When she saw this, she turned red. 她看到这时脸红了。(时间状语从句)

He was angry because I was late. 他很生气因为我迟到了。(原因状语从句)

If you come, he’ll be pleased. 如果你来，他会高兴的。(条件状语从句)

He was so angry that he couldn’t speak. 他气得话都说不出来。(结果状语从句)

Although he is poor, he’s happy. 虽然穷，但他仍很快乐。(让步状语从句)

You must do as I tell you. 你必须按我告诉你的去做。(方式状语从句)

Put it where you can reach it. 把它放在你可以拿到的地方。(地点状语从句)

Speak clearly so that they may understand you. 讲清楚些，以便他们能理解你。(目的状语从句)

2. 状语从句的时态

在时间状语和条件状语从句中，通常要用一般现在时表示将来意义，而不能直接使用将来时态：

Tell him as soon as he arrives. 他一来就告诉他。(不能用will arrive)

I won’t go if it rains tomorrow. 要是明天下雨，我就不去。(不能用will rain)

【注】有时也可见到 if you will 这样的说法，但那不是将来时态，而是表示意愿或委婉的请求(此处的 will是情态动词)：

If you will wait a moment, I’ll fetch the money. 请等一下，我就去拿钱。

3. because习惯上不与so连用

汉语习惯上说“因为…所以…”，但英语习惯上却不能将 so与because 连用：

因为下雨，所以我们呆在家里。

误：Because it was raining, so we stayed at home.

正：Because it was raining, we stayed at home.

正：It was raining, so we stayed at home.

4. (al)though习惯上不与but连用

汉语中可说“虽然…但是…”，但按英语习惯，通常不能说although…but或though…but：

虽然很危险，但我要试试。

误：Although it is dangerous, but I will try.

正：Although it is dangerous, I will try.

正：It is dangerous, but I will try.