Parkour 飞檐走壁的跑酷

The art of running up walls 飞檐走壁的极限艺术

by David Archdall

To the untrained eye, parkour (跑酷) looks as absurd as it does dangerous. Participants, known as traceurs (练习者), throw themselves around like Spiderman without a web or like freestyle street-skateboarders without the skateboards. They literally bounce off buildings, leap across rooftops, run up walls, jump onto thin ledges, and sometimes fall seven meters to the ground, all without injuring themselves.
　　
Parkour is _(1)_ the art of moving from point A to point B as quickly and efficiently as possible. Any obstacles along the way must either be passed without a moment lost or used by the traceurs to _(2)_ themselves forward. Seeing someone doing parkour, you might be _(3)_ to think that there is some emergency and the traceur is fleeing.

Parkour does not _(4)_ contests or teams, and it is strictly noncompetitive. In this sense, it cannot be described as a sport. It also has a strong philosophical aspect that sets it apart _(5)_ many other physical pursuits. Dedicated traceurs take parkour _(6)_, and they even describe it as "a way of life."
　　
David Belle, _(7)_ his friend Sébastien Foucan, started parkour in France in the late 1980s. David's father was an elite fireman who _(8)_ his son to physical training using military obstacle courses. When this obstacle-course training was combined with elements of martial arts and gymnastics and applied to the physical _(9)_ of a city, parkour was born.
　　
Since its beginning in the _(10)_ of Paris, parkour has spread around the world, and has even turned up in Hollywood. Aside from YouTube, you can see some amazing parkour action in the James Bond film, Casino Royale.

(A) propel (B) inclined (C) essentially (D) suburbs (E) from
(F) introduced (G) involve (H) along with (I) seriously (J) surroundings
中文翻译

对外行人来说，跑酷看起来既荒谬又危险。参与跑酷活动的人又称练习者，他们像蜘蛛人一样，不用蜘蛛网就可以荡来荡去，也像不用滑板的街头滑板者，随性地滑行。他们的确在建筑物上跳来跳去、越过屋顶、沿着墙壁往上奔跑、跳上细细的壁架，有时还从 7 呎高的地方跳向地面，并且毫发无伤。
　　
跑酷基本上是一种以最快最有效率的方式，从甲地移到乙地的艺术。跑酷练习者必须避开沿途所有的障碍物，一秒都不能多停，或是利用障碍物来帮助自己前进。看到有人在跑酷，你可能会以为这些练习者正在逃离什么紧急状况。
　　
跑酷并不包含竞赛或队伍，而且完全属于非竞赛活动。就这方面来说，它不能算是项运动。它也含有相当深厚的哲学观点，使它有别于其它体能活动。专注的跑酷练习者非常认真看待这项活动，他们甚至将跑酷描述为是『一种生活方式』。
　　
David Belle 和朋友 Sébastien Foucan 在 80 年代末期于法国开始跑酷。David 的父亲是位优秀的消防员，他让儿子到军方障碍物训练场所进行体能训练。当这种体能训练结合武术和体操的元素，并运用于城市的实体环境中，跑酷因而诞生。
　　
自从在巴黎的郊区崛起后，跑酷便在全球流行开来，而且还出现在好莱坞电影中。除了可以在 YouTube 网站欣赏到跑酷外，詹姆斯‧庞德的电影《皇家夜总会》中，也得以一窥跑酷的英姿。

标准答案: 1. (C) 2. (A)　3. (B)　4. (G)　5. (E)　6. (I)　7. (H)　8. (F)　9. (J)　10. (D)