德国科隆英文介绍Cologne

德国科隆英文导游词

用英语介绍德国科隆

科隆的英文名称是：Cologne

The fourth biggest city in Germany, with over one million inhabitants, Cologne (Köln in German) began life as a Roman colony or colonia (hence its name). Its location on the Rhine, at the heart of Germania, was key to its status as capital of the province. The city became a centre for worship, famous for the legend and cult of Santa Ursula, and built several splendid Romanesque churches, which survive today.

By the Middle Ages, Cologne was one of the most important cities in the Holy Roman Empire and in 1248 work began on its mighty cathedral, designed to house the relics of the Three Wise Men. Known as the Dom (pronounced dome), it was once the world’s tallest building and is arguably still the world’s greatest Gothic edifice, attracting pilgrims from all over Europe, even though it was not to be completed for another six centuries. It is still Germany’s most visited attraction.

Begun in 1248 and completed in 1880, Cologne Cathedral is a celebration of the finest aspects of Gothic architecture with intricate detail and elaborate decoration. Its twin towers stand 157m (515ft) above the city, on the left bank of the Rhine, and made the cathedral the tallest structure in the world until the Eiffel Tower was built in 1889. The interior is equally impressive, with 14th-century stained glass, a resplendent choir, and a large gold shrine, considered a masterpiece of medieval goldwork. Remarkably the cathedral survived a total of 14 bomb raids during World War II and today visitors can climb the tower for superb views over Cologne and the Rhineland.


The city suffered terribly in WWII, losing most of its historic centre, and only a small proportion of the Altstadt, right by the river, survives, or has been reconstructed in its original form.

Modern day pilgrims come not only to the awe-inspiring Dom and Romanesque churches, but to the city’s fine museums (featuring rich Roman remains and an important artistic heritage) and to sample the city’s famous hospitality in its brewhouses (Cologne boasts more breweries than any other European city). Despite its strong religious background, Cologne has a reputation as a goodtime town and its Carnival is one of the biggest in Europe.
科隆德国西部最大的城市，人口接近100万。科隆在德国属于比较古老的城市，早在公元前38年罗马人就在此设要塞，公元50年发展成为罗马帝国的一个城市。中世纪的由于处于交通的要道及宗教大主教的驻地等原因使科隆非常繁荣，人口当时有4万多在当时超过了巴黎和伦敦是德国最大的城市。如今科隆城还保留了部分罗马时代的古迹、中世纪的部分城墙和城门。

注意科隆的英文名称Cologne和德文名称截然不同。

科隆主要景点：


科隆大教堂(Dom)－是世界上著名的大教堂之一。是德国最大的哥特式教堂。教堂的尖塔高157米。1248年当地的大主教决定建造哥特式的大教堂，用了80年才完成正殿。1560年由于德国宗教改革的原因工程停顿下来。19世纪初在大诗人歌德等人的推动下，大教堂1842年起重新按原图纸继续施工。1880年全部建成。整个工程前后用了600年时间。二次世界大战时，教堂中了14枚炸弹，遭受严重破坏，战后得到修复。进入大教堂是高达34米的中厅。面积有6166平米，由56根梁支撑。堂内几乎每一件东西都是历史文物。信徒的长木凳用厚木做成，经几百年使用磨出发光的木纹。主祭坛的后面是供奉三王遗骸的金色神龛(Dreikkonigenschrein)。这个神龛由12世纪末著名金匠尼古拉(Nicolas)用了40年时间制作而成。堪称中世纪金饰艺术的顶峰。中间唱诗台边的柱梁上有早期哥特式的精美雕塑。四面的花玻璃面积达一万平米。连同整个教堂的壁画、地面上的马赛克大都是以三王朝圣为主题的。

科隆大教堂的北面就是科隆的火车站。东面是莱茵河。横跨莱茵河上的大桥叫Hohenzollern是世界上最繁忙的铁路桥之一。每两分钟就要过一辆列车。桥头是拍照整个大教堂全景的最好地方。


罗马日尔曼博物馆(Romisch-Germanisches Museum)，紧挨着大教堂，展出罗马时代和古日尔曼时代的文物。包括雕塑、钱币、玻璃器皿及罗马时代的马赛克镶嵌画。

东亚艺术博物馆(Museum Fur Ostasiatische Kunst)，收藏有中国、朝鲜和日本的艺术品。后面还有景致的日本式花园。

科隆的展览中心(Koln Messe)，科隆每年都举办很多世界著名的博览会、行业展览会。著名的有国际五金展、国际家电展、国际家具展等。

科隆购物：

科隆4711香水，在科隆的商业街到处是4711的广告，这种香水是世界上最早的古隆香水。因香水厂的门牌号是4711而得名。

商业街：出了大教堂便是叫高街(Hohe Str.)的繁华商业街。

科隆-波恩机场(Flughafen Koln-Bonn)在科隆与波恩中间，是两城市共用的机场。机场代号CGN，距离科隆20公里。乘出租车到市区要20分钟。有火车连接机场到科隆中心火车站和杜塞尔多夫火车站。

科隆火车站(Koln Hauptbahnhof)：是德国西部重要的中转站。前往比利时、法国的火车大多需要在此中转。科隆火车站有两个出站口西面的出口出站就是科隆大教堂，公共车站在东面的出口外。