一、完型填空

（一）做题技巧和步骤

I．做题步骤：1、通读全文，了解文章大意；文章两种模式：总分、对比；2、初选答案（排除法、优选法）；3、寻找线索；4、回头补缺；5、核实答案。

II．出题重点：

1．词语的辨析：

1）同义词； 2）反义词； 3）形近词；

形近词举例：Test 2

... or down frightening hillsides to towns __87__ in deep valleys.

87. A) lying B) laying C) laid D) lied

注：说谎：lie lied lied lying

躺：lie lay lain lying

放置，下蛋：lay laid laid laying

2．逻辑关系：

1）列举/种属关系：

such…as; especially; in particular; specifically; for example; for instance; likely;

2）因果关系：

because (for); due to; owing to; thanks to; since; for; as; for the reason that; seeing that;

3）并列/递进：

besides; likewise; moreover; also; too; what’s more; apart from; except; furthermore;

not noly…but also….; in addition;

4）转折/让步关系：

however; but; never the less; nonetheless; whereas; still; though; although; anyhow; anyway; in any case; yet;

5）对比关系：

by contrast; in contrast; by comparison; like; as…as; on the contrary; conversely; oppositely; ….than….;

逻辑关系举例1：Test 4

Sometimes homework is returned 76 brief written comments but without a grade.

76. A) by B) in C) for D) with

逻辑关系举例2：Test 2

The United States is well-known for its network of major highways designed to help a driver get from one place to another in the shortest possible time. __71__ these wide modern roads are generally __72__ and well maintained, with __73__ sharp curves and many straight __74__, a direct route is not always the most _ 75__ one.

71. A) Although B) Since C) Because D) Therefore

72. A) stable B) splendid C) smooth D) complicated

73. A) little B) few C) much D) many

74. A) selections B) separations C) series D) sections

75. A) terrible B) possible C) enjoyable D) profitable

3．固定结构的识别：提高阅读的速度、对于内容有合理的预期、有利于总体把握文章：

either…or…; neither…nor…; too…to…; so…that…; not…until…; hardly…when…; no sooner…than…; not only…but also…

固定结构举例：Test 3

76 geography books focus on a small area 77 a town or city. Others deal with a state, a region, a nation. Or an 78 continent. Many geography books deal with the whole earth. Another 79 to divide the study of 80 is to distinguish between physical geography and cultural geography. The former focuses on the natural world; the 81 starts with human beings and 82 how human beings and their environment act 83 each other. but when geography is considered as a single subject, 84 branch can neglect the other.

76. A) Some B) Many C) Most D) Few

77. A) outside B) except C) as D) like

81. A) second B) later C) next D) latter

2．搭配：

例如：a. + n.; ad. + v. ; take advantage of….; make use of….等；

3．动词用法：

1）主谓一致； 2）时态； 3）语态； 4）非谓语动词；

4．介词用法：

1）介词与名词； 2）介词与动词； 3）介词与形容词；