surging—— To increase suddenly. Used of electric current or voltage猛增=accelerating
　　 surpass—— To be or go beyond， as in degree or quality； exceed胜过=exceed， outrun
　　 sustain—— To keep in existence； maintain继续生存；维持=maintain
　　 sustenance—— Something， especially food， that sustains life or health营养物，尤指食物=fare Food and drink； diet食物和饮料
　　 Means of livelihood生计=livelihood
　　 supplement——Something added to complete a thing， make up for a deficiency， or extend or strengthen the whole补充物，用来完成某事、补充不足、扩展或加强=extension
　　 An addition that increases the area， influence， operation， or contents of something扩大
　　 supreme——Greatest in importance， degree， significance， character， or achievement最重要的=outstanding
　　 succinct——Characterized by clear， precise expression in few words； concise and terse简明的=concise
　　 sufficient——Being as much as is needed充足的=adequate
　　 sumptuous——Of a size or splendor suggesting great expense； lavish豪华的；花费奢侈的=luxurious
　　 substantial——Considerable in importance， value， degree， amount， or extent有重大价值的=considerable Worthy of consideration； significant重要的
　　 substitute——One that takes the place of another； a replacement代用品=replacement， in place of代替
　　 subsidize——To assist or support with a subsidy以津贴补助=finance To supply funds to给…提供资金
　　 subtle——So slight as to be difficult to detect or analyze； elusive纤细的，细小的=slight
　　 submit——提出，提交=present提出；呈递
　　 subsidy——Monetary assistance granted by a government to a person orsgroupsin support of an enterprise regarded as being in the public interest补助金=financing融通资金
　　 subject to ——在……条件下；易受……的侵袭；受控制=expose to， susceptible to
　　 stretch——A continuous or unbroken length， area， or expanse连续不断的长度，地区或空间=span The extent or measure of space between two points or extremities， as of a bridge or roof； the breadth跨度两点或两端间的空间
　　 strike——To engage in a strike against an employer罢工=walkout
　　 To come to； attain来到；到达= make contact with
　　 striking—— Arresting the attention and producing a vivid impression on the sight or the mind.惹人注目的=prominent Immediately noticeable； conspicuous显眼的
　　 stringent—— Imposing rigorous standards of performance； severe严格的=strict
　　 stimulus—— Something that incites or rouses to action； an incentive激发物=motivate
　　 strain ——To pull， draw， or stretch tight拉紧=tension The act or process of stretching something tight拉紧
　　 stationary—— Not capable of being moved； fixed不能被移动的；固定的=fixed， immobile
　　 status——Position relative to that of others； standing地位=standing
　　 sticky——shavingsthe property of adhering or sticking to a surface； adhesive粘的=adhere， cement
　　 staple—— A basic or principal element or feature主要成分，基本成分=basic element
　　 squirt—— To issue forth in a thin forceful stream or jet； spurt喷=spurt out v.喷出

staggering—— Causing great astonishment， amazement， or dismay； overwhelming令人大为吃惊、惊讶或沮丧的；使束手无策的=overwhelming
　　 spur—— To incite or stimulate刺激，鞭策=stimulate
　　 speculate about—— To assume to be true without conclusive evidence推测=hypothesize To assert as a hypothesis假设
　　 spinal——Of， relating to， or situated near the spine or spinal cord； vertebral脊柱的=backbone
　　 spark—— To set in motion； activate发动；触发=bring about引起；致使；造成；达成
　　 spawn—— To give rise to； engender造成；使产生=create
　　 solemn—— Deeply earnest， serious， and sober庄严的，极认真的，严肃的=serious
　　 slope——declivity A downward slope， as of a hill斜坡
　　 smother—— To suffocate （another）使窒息=eliminate To get rid of； remove消灭；消除
　　 snap—— To pull apart or break with a snapping sound折断=break
　　 signify—— To denote； mean表示…的意思=denote
　　 simultaneously——同时存在[发生]地=concurrently同时发生的，并存的；合作的
　　 skepticism—— A doubting or questioning attitude or state of mind； dubiety怀疑态度=doubt
　　 shield—— To protect or defend with or as if with a shield； guard保护、防卫=protect
　　 secrete—— To conceal in a hiding place； cache躲藏=produce
　　 scarce—— Hard to find； absent or rare难得的；缺少的或罕见的=rare
　　 scores—— A composition written for a musical comedy配乐=musical compositions音乐作品
　　 scent—— A perfume香水=perfume
　　 scale—— To climb up or over； ascend攀登=climb
　　 sanitation—— Formulation and application of measures designed to protect public health.
　　 卫生措施=health
　　 tremendous—— Extremely large in amount， extent， or degree； enormous巨大的=huge， greatly
　　 trend—— A general tendency or inclination趋向=tendency
　　 trap—— A contrivance for catching and holding animals， as a concealed pit or a clamp like device that springs shut suddenly陷阱=entomb To place in or as if in a tomb or grave埋葬
　　 trace—— A visible mark， such as a footprint， made or left by the passage of a person， an animal， or a thing痕迹=imprint， residue The remainder of something after removal of parts or a part残留物
　　 textile—— A cloth， especially one manufactured by weaving or knitting； a fabric纺织品=cloth， fabric
　　 terrestrial—— Of， relating to， or composed of land陆地的=land
　　 terrain—— An area of land； ground地区；地带=land
　　 tedium—— The quality or condition of being tedious； tediousness or boredom单调乏味=tiresome
　　 temporarily—— Lasting， used， serving， or enjoyed for a limited time在有限的时间内持续地、被使用、发挥作用=makeshift A temporary or expedient substitute for something else.
　　权宜之计，暂时或临时替代其它事物的东西
　　 usher—— To precede and introduce； inaugurate宣告，展示介绍；开始，开创=begin