1. be related to...　　与……有关
例: A person's intelligence is not related to the color of his or her skin.
（一个人的智力与其肤色无关。）

2. range between A and B
= range from A to B
范围在 A 与 B 之间，范围从 A 到 B（都有）
例: The people with the flu range from two months to 90 years old.
（罹患这次流感的人年龄从两个月大到 90 岁都有。）

3. indicate vt. 显示；指出
例: The medical survey indicated that a proper diet can prevent many diseases.
（那项医学调查显示，适当的饮食能预防许多疾病。）

4. represent vt. 代表
例: This ring represents my love for you.
（这只戒指代表我对你的爱。）

5. symbolize vt. 象征
symbolic a. 象征的
be symbolic of...　　象征……
例: The crown symbolizes power and authority.
= The crown is symbolic of power and authority.
（皇冠象征权势。）

6. come about 　　产生，发生
例: How did your car accident come about?
（你的车祸是怎么发生的？）

7. shortly after...　　在……之后不久
例: It began to rain shortly after he left the house.
（他出门后不久就开始下雨了。）

8. conclude + that 子句　　作出……的结论；断定……
例: Based on the evidence, the police concluded that he was the killer.
（根据证据显示，警方断定他就是凶手。）

9. come close to V-ing　　几乎∕差一点……
= come near to V-ing
例: The stray dog came close to being run over by a car.
（那只流浪狗差点被一辆车辗过。）

10. add A to B　　把 A 加进 B
例: If you add this money to your savings, you will have enough to buy a car.
（你若把这笔钱和你的存款加起来，就有足够的钱买车了。）