以人为本 Put People First

An idea of the Communist Party of China (CPC) stresses that boosting the people's interests and development are the purpose of the Party as well as the State. Formally raised during the third plenary session of the 16th CPC Central Committee in October 2003, this idea was tagged as the core of the scientific outlook of development by general secretary Hu Jintao in his report on the 17th CPC National Congress in 2007. As a ruling party, the CPC vowed to expand the people's interests, respect the people's position in political life, give play to their creativity and let them share the benefits of development.

“以人为本”是中国共产党提出的理念，这一理念认为提升人民的利益和发展是党和国家的宗旨。该理念于2003年11月召开的中国共产党第16届中央委员会第三次全体会议上首次正式提出。在2007年召开的中国共产党第17届全国代表大会上，胡锦涛总书记在讲话中将“以人为本”称为科学发展观的核心。中国共产党作为执政党，始终坚持扩大人民的福祉，尊重人民在政治生活中的地位，使人民可以充分发挥主观能动性，并让发展的成果惠及全体人民。

教育公平 Equal Access to Education

A target for the country's education policies aiming at ensuring equal opportunity for all to receive education of equal quality. First listed as a policy target in the Resolution on Several Great Issues of Building Harmonious Society approved in the Sixth Plenary Session of the 16th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China in 2006, it is stressed over and again in official documents as one of the preconditions for social equality. The State has staged a series of policies to achieve this target, ranging from offering free compulsory education, waiving tuitions for university students in teacher educating programs, sharing facilities and teaching faculty among different primary schools within a city to increasing the State financial input in rural areas.

这是国家教育政策要实现的目标，旨在保证每个受教育者有同等的机会受到同等质量的教育。2006年，中国共产党第十六次全国代表大会第六次会议上提出的《中共中央关于构建社会主义和谐社会若干重大问题的决定》中首次将其列为为政策目标，突出强调并再次将其以正式文件的方式确立下来，作为社会平等的先决条件。政府出台了一系列政策以实现这一目标，包括实行免费义务教育、高校师范专业学生免学费、同一城市不同的初级学校共享设施和师资以及增加国家财政对农村地区的教育投入。

窗口指导 window guidance

在全国政协十一届二次会议首场新闻发布会上，新闻发言人赵启正表示，经济问题是政协委员们关心最多、讨论最多的话题。他们为中国经济平稳较快发展积极建言献策。央行也宣布将加强窗口指导，引导信贷合理投放。

请看新华社的报道：

"We will enhance the 'window guidance' and inform financial institutions of the (right) meaning of the central government's macroeconomic regulation to guide reasonable loan extensions," the central bank said in a statement on its website

央行在其网站上公布的一份声明中写道：“央行将继续加强‘窗口指导’，将政府宏观调控政策的（正确）意图传达给各金融机构，以引导信贷合理投放。”

上面报道中的window guidance就是指“窗口指导”。Window guidance是指央行通过劝告和建议来影响商业银行信贷行为，属于温和的、非强制性的货币政策工具。监管机构向金融机构解释说明相关政策意图，提出指导性意见，或者根据监管信息向金融机构提示风险。窗口指导是监管机构利用其在金融体系中特殊的地位和影响，引导金融机构主动采取措施防范风险，进而实现监管目标的监管行为。

Under his guidance（在他的指导下），我终于完成了这项vocational guidance（业务辅导）。为了帮助大学生就业，很多学校开设了专门的careers guidance（就业指导）服务。最近Jim的婚姻出现了一些问题，他找Susan求助，because she is a marriage guidance counselor（因为她是一位婚姻问题顾问）。