14) 双写最后一个字母的-ing分词 初中阶段常见的有以下这些:1.let→letting 让 hit→hitting 打、撞 cut→cutting 切、割 get→getting 取、得到 sit→sitting 坐 forget→forgetting 忘记 put→putting 放 set→setting 设置 babysit→babysitting 临时受雇照顾婴儿 2.shop→shopping 购物 trip→tripping 绊 stop→stopping 停止 drop→dropping 放弃 3.travel→travel(l)ing 旅游 swim→swimming 游泳 run→running 跑 dig→digging 挖、掘 begin→beginning 开始 prefer→preferring 宁愿 plan→planning 计划 15) 肯定句变否定句及疑问句要变化的一些词 1.some变为any。如:There are some birds in the tree→There aren't any birds in the tree. 但是,若在表示请邀请、请求的句子中,some可以不变。如:Would you like some orange juice? 与此相关的一些不定代词如something, somebody等也要进行相应变化。 2.and变为or。如:I have a knife and a ruler.→I don't have a knife or a ruler. 3.a lot of (=lots of)变为many或much。如:They have a lot of friends.(可数名词)→They don't have many friends. There is lots of orange in the bottle.(不可数名词)→There isn't much orange in the bottle. 4.already变为yet。如: I have been there already.→I haven't been there yet. 16) in与after in 与 after 都可以表示时间,但二者有所区别。 1.in 经常用于将来时的句子中,以现在为起点,表示将来一段时间。如: He will leave for Beijing in a week.一周后他会动身去北京。 2.after 经常用于过去时的句子中,以过去为起点,表示过去一段时间。如: He left for Beijing after a week.一周后他动身去了北京。 不过,如果after后跟的是具体的时刻,它也可用于将来时。如: We will finish the work after ten o'clock.十点后我们会完成工作的。 3.注意区分以下的in的用法。 I'll visit him in a week.一周后我会去拜访他。 I'll visit him twice in a week.一周内我会去拜访他两次。 17) 不定冠词a与an的使用 1.a 用在以辅音音素开头的单词前。如: There is a "b" in the word "book". 单词book中有个字母b。 类似的字母还有:c, d, g, j, k, p, q, t, u, v, w, y, z。 She has a small knife. 她有一把小刀。 2.an 用于以元音音素开头的单词前。如: There is an "i" in the word "onion". 单词onion中有个字母i。 类似的字母还有:a, e, f, h, l, m, n, o, r, s, x。 Do you have an umbrella?你有一把雨伞吗? 3.以元音字母开头的单词前面不一定都用an;以辅音字母开头的单词前面也不一定都用a。如: a useful book a universe a one-letter word an hour an uncle an umbrell an honest person
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